Overall, trauma can cause difficulties in one’s friendships (1). However, these relationships are also essential for recovery. We will dive into these research findings on trauma and friendships below.
Before we begin any discussion about the effects of trauma, it is important to remind ourselves that healing and resilience are possible. Many factors can prevent these effects from occurring in the first place, and many factors can lead to their healing if they have occurred.
Our purpose here is to learn about potential ways trauma can adversely impact people, so that we can then use this knowledge to create trauma-informed, healing ministries.
If you begin to feel overwhelmed at any point when reading this article, please pause and seek guidance from a trained mental health professional, a trusted friend, or a mentor.
Trauma and Friendships: The Number of Friends
One line of research has found that exposure to a traumatic event can lead to a decrease in the number of friends one has.
One theory suggests that those around the person exposed to trauma may unconsciously see that person as socially tainted by the trauma and may reject that person over fear that the negative social status will pass on to them.
In a study with American adolescents, exposure to trauma between the first and second times of data collection was associated with a decrease in the number of friends over time, lending some support to that theory (2).
Trauma and Loneliness
Additionally, many studies have found that trauma can lead to increased feelings of loneliness and feelings of not being supported by others.
For example, in a study of incarcerated men, researchers found that trauma exposure led to lower perceived social support and more loneliness, and similar findings were found in the general population (3).
The Importance of Relationships
These adverse effects of trauma on friendships can be particularly devastating because much of the healing from trauma happens in one’s interpersonal relationships.
In one survey of trauma survivors, feeling more connected to friends and family and feeling like their friends and family listened to them compassionately was associated with more healing.
However, many of the people surveyed also indicated that they felt like those around them did not help or protect them after they experienced the trauma and faced misunderstandings from others (4).
This study shows the importance of learning about trauma’s effects and compassionate listening so you can walk with people in your life who may be going through these experiences.
Conclusion: Trauma and Friendships
Overall, research suggests that exposure to trauma can lead to relationship difficulties. Additionally, research indicates that friendship is important for healing from trauma.
There is hope for healing and resilience following exposure to trauma. If you or someone you know may be suffering from these adverse effects of trauma, please visit the healing resources page to begin your healing journey.